The new tagline of this blog is “steps for taking action on complex problems” which was always the end goal of the previous “thinking towards the whole”. The change in focus came partly from realizing I was sketching out the same ideas over and over again in my journal, but there was no real purpose to them.

This is the framework of steps and skills that I have been thinking about as a way to create better solutions to complex problems.

First, what is a complex problem?

It’s a mess. It’s a situation that if you push it with some action doesn’t respond immediately in a consistent way. It’s one where you know you have competing forces that will affect the adoption ofa soluton. It’s one where you have to come up with a new approach to reach your desired goal.

The first step in most problem solving techiques is to define the problem. But when what you have is a mess, this is not a simple step. How you frame the question will have a large effect on the outcome. And you might not even know your desired end state with clarity.

Step 1: See from multiple perspectives

You can’t learn everything you need to know by standing in one place, especially when you don’t know what you’re looking at. It is like the blind men in the parable who have gone to see the elephant. Each can only describe what he can touch, relating the part  to something familiar to him.

To understand a complex problem you need different perspectives, which usually means the stories of different individuals, each with their own biases and priorities.

Skills that are valuable in this step include:

• an open and responsive mind
• connecting and listening to others
• asking great questions

Step 2: Build a mental model

This is the central point. Somehow you have to put all the different pespectives into something that you can describe. It is only after you conceive of the idea that these pieces make up an elephant that you can decide what to do next. Sometimes this is a thing that must be done by an individual, other times it can be hashed out in a group.

Skills used in this step include:

• creative and design thinking
• systems thinking processes
• visualization techniques
• collaborative discussion

Step 3: Propose and execute actions

Just because you have an elephant doesn’t mean you will be able to do anything with it. You can hold the idea in your mind and nothing will change. The next step is to extrapolate and propose what should be done and to get other people to work to carry it out. Few messy and complex situations can be effectively changed by one person working alone, although one person is always needed to get things started.

Skills needed to carry out this step include:

• tactical and strategic planning
• ability to understand and influence others
• purposeful storytelling

Step Infinity: Review

As execution occurs, understanding changes. The situation itself changes. Individual responses need to be listened to. Potentially reimagining needs to take place.

A single model and plan can take us only so far. We can rest and see what happens as we carry out plans, but we always need to remember that things change and we will need to go through the process again to create the best possible solutions for the future.

My First Attempt

Nothing I have just said is a new idea. It has been all been spoken of before, although perhaps not in exactly this way. Combining it into this framework is what makes the most sense to me.

Within this framework and this blog I  intend to bring together stories, techniques, books, and work by others that make it ever more possible to carry out these steps and develop these foundational skills. My longer term goal is to eventually produce a version of this framework that helps others work through their own complex problems.

If there is an area of particular interest to you, please contact me, so I can focus first on what is of immediate use.

Authors of books and short stories get to choose whose eyes they and the readers see through when they write a story. These same tools can help us connect with each other.

First Person

The first person is the one we understand best. It is our own point of view and our own voice. In writing, it is when you see sentences about “I did this,” and “I did that.” As a reader, you can only see what that one character is saying and feeling and knowing.

When it comes to connecting to other people, one counterintuitive step is to first embrace our own point of view. If we know our own preferences and prejudices it helps us understand and control our emotional reactions.

Second Person

This one isn’t used much in fiction, but more often in instructional materials, when the author is speaking directly to the reader, focusing on their experience and bringing them into the writing. This article is in second person.

When considering this important perspective for connecting with others, it takes on a slightly different slant. You’re not just speaking to them, you’re putting yourself in their shoes. You look at the other’s background and assumptions and so forth and consider how they might be feeling and what conclusions they might come to.

This can be considerably different to what you yourself would do. Yet you’ll know if you’re doing it right when you come to the same conclusion that the other person did. When you realize you would have taken the same actions.

Third Person

This is the point of view we see most when we read. It is when a story is narrated from the point of view of someone not involved, often someone who knows everything about everything, including things that the individual characters involved would never know. In non-fiction it is often an impersonal voice.

When it comes to forming connections, this is taking the time to step back and view the point of difference as someone without any interest in the matter would. It can be extremely difficult, but it lets you see options and possibilities that you can’t from either your point of view or that of another involved person. This point of view gives you permission to think differently.

Putting It All Together

With practice, you can cycle through these points of view quickly and use them to improve your own reactions. With even more practice you can hold multiple points of view in your mind at once and develop new ideas from them. Whether a situation seems simple or complex at first glance there is something to learn from at least making the attempt to cycle through potential viewpoints.

The ideas of relating the points of view in writing to mental exercises we can use were drawn from The Art of Connecting by Claire Raines and Lara Ewing.